Resumo O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a ação do extrato hidroalcólico do ritidoma de Hymenaea stigonocarpa frente a um composto mutagênico, utilizando como sistema teste as células meristemáticas de raízes de A. cepa. Os grupos tratamentos avaliados foram: Controle Negativo (CN) – água destilada; Controle Positivo (CP) – paracetamol na concentração de 0,008 mg/mL, Controle Jatobá (CJ) – fração aquosa de jatobá-do-cerrado na concentração de 0,5 ou 1,0 ou 1,5 mg/mL, e Tratamento Simultâneo (TS) – fração aquosa de jatobá-do-cerrado na concentração de 0,5 ou 1,0 ou 1,5 mg/mL associada a solução de paracetamol na concentração de 0,008 mg/mL. Todos os grupos foram analisados nos tempos de 24 e 48 h. Para cada grupo tratamento cinco bulbos de cebolas (cinco repetições) foram utilizados. As radículas foram fixadas em Carnoy e as lâminas preparadas pela técnica de esmagamento. Analisaram-se células em todo ciclo celular, totalizando 5.000 para cada grupo tratamento em cada tempo de exposição. Os índices mitóticos obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística do Qui-quadrado (p<0,05). A partir dos resultados verificou-se que o grupo TS, nas três concentrações, potencializou o efeito antiproliferativo significativo as células do sistema teste quando comparado ao CP, CN e TJ nas três concentrações. Ainda, o TS nas três concentrações reduziu de forma significativa o número de aberrações celulares quando comparado com o número de células aberrantes obtidas para o CP, demonstrando ação antimutagênica as células do sistema teste A. cepa.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of Hymenaea stigonocarpa bark hydroalcoholic extract against a mutagenic compound using A. cepa meristematic root cells as a test system. The treatment groups were: Negative Control (NC) – distilled water; Positive Control (PC) – paracetamol at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL, Jatoba Control (JC) – aqueous fraction jatobá-do-cerrado at 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL, and Simultaneous Treatment (ST) - jatobá-do-cerrado aqueous fraction at a concentration of 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL associated with paracetamol solution at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL. All groups were analyzed at 24 and 48 h. Five onion bulbs (five replications) were used for each treatment group. The root tips were fixed in Carnoy and slides prepared by the crush technique. Cells were analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5,000 for each treatment group at each exposure time. Mitotic indices were subjected to statistical analysis using the chi-square test (p<0.05). From the results it was found that the ST group, at the three concentrations, significantly potentiated the antiproliferative effect of the test system cells when compared to PC, NC and TJ at the three concentrations. Furthermore, the three ST concentrations significantly reduced the number of cell aberrations when compared to the number of aberrant cells obtained for the PC, demonstrating antimutagenic action on the A. cepa test system cells.

Las compañías eléctricas por lo general responden al aumento de la demanda de energía mediante la construcción de nuevas instalaciones de generación. Sin embargo, un uso eficiente de la energía podría reducir y retrasar los gastos de inversión en nuevas centrales eléctricas. En este trabajo se muestra el sistema de software para gestionar transformadores y evaluar las pérdidas cuando trabajan con cero cargas. Este sistema ayuda a reducir la pérdida de energía con acciones simples como: Desenergizar un transformador no utilizado o volver a conectar el equipo con base en la demanda del cliente. Utiliza las mediciones en tiempo real obtenidas de la base de Intelligent Electronic Devices para el software de Decisiones. También mide e informa el ahorro total de energía.

Power companies usually answer the increase in power demand by building new generation facilities. Nevertheless, an efficient use of energy could reduce and delay the costs of investment in new power plants. This paper shows a software system to manage transformers and evaluate losses when they work with zero loads. This system contributes to reduce the waste of energy with some simple actions such as shutting off an unused transformer or reconnecting disabled equipment based on the customer's demand. It uses real time measurements collected from Intelligent Electronic Devices as a base for software decisions. It also measures and reports the total power saving.

The aim of this study is to apply the main mathematical models used in activated sludge reactors, the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) and its variations (ASM2d and ASM3), to predict the behavior of a full-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) used for the treatment of domestic wastewater employing the software ASIM®. Two cycles were studied, the step-feed cycle and conventional filling. Samples were taken from the raw influent, from the reactor and from the treated wastewater, and these data were used to calibrate the models. The ASM1 model was the best model to represent the cycle with only an input, while model ASM3 was the best for simulating the scaled filling cycle. This work presents calibrated parameters for the two kinds of filling. The results of these simulations indicate that the calibration process succeeded and can be used as a model for future studies.

The analysis and new results of the resonance frequency and radiation pattern of antennas array, for glass fiber FR-4 substrate using superconductor and copper patch, are presented. The linear superconducting rectangular antennas array uses the new materials SnBaCaCuOy at temperature of 160 K with conductivity equal 1.5 x 10(5) S/m. The concise full wave Transverse Transmission Line (TTL) method is used in the analysis and to obtain some results. The HFSS is also used and new results for the reflection coefficient (S11), return loss as functions of the resonant frequency, and pattern radiation of antennas array, are presented.

Os principais estudos realizados no contexto da Vela ligeira têm-se centrado em parâmetros fisiológicos e no processo de tomada de decisão. O presente estudo tem como objectivos, identificar os principais factores psicológicos evidenciados pelos velejadores e determinar quais aqueles que permitem predizer o rendimento em Vela. Para tal, 43 jovens velejadores (32 rapazes e 11 raparigas) com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e os 15 anos de idade (M=12.86, SD=1.39) preencheram o Perfil Psicológico de Prestação. Os procedimentos estatísticos utilizados foram o teste t de Student, e a regressão linear múltipla. Os factores mais evidenciados pelos velejadores foram a motivação e a autoconfiança. Contudo, revela-se como essencial o controlo do negativismo, na medida em que foi a única variável que distinguiu os melhores velejadores (top-10) dos restantes e foi o factor com menor valor médio. As únicas variáveis psicológicas que permitiram definir o rendimento em Vela ligeira, foram a visualização e a motivação, evidenciando-se a importância destas variáveis na diminuição de erros, definição espacial do campo de regatas, controlo atencional e melhoria auto-referenciada.

Studies in competitive Sailing have centered their efforts in physiologic parameters and in the decision-making process. The purpose of the present study is to identify the main psychological factors evidenced by sailors and determine which of them better contribute to predict performance in Sailing. Forty three young sailors (32 boys and 11 girls) with ages between 10 and 15 years (M=12.86, SD=1.39) completed the Psychological Performance Inventory. The used statistical procedures were the Student’s t test and the multiple linear regression analysis. The psychological factors with the highest scores were motivation and self-confidence. The negativity control was defined as crucial. This variable was the only that distinguished the best sailors (top-10) from the remaining ones and the factor less valued by the sample. The only psychological variables that allowed predicting Sailing performance were visualization and motivation, evidencing the importance of these in the errors decrease, spatial definition of the regattas mark, attention control and self-referenced improvement.

This paper describes the role of the tokamak ISTTOK on the development of the portuguese fusion research team, in the frame of the EURATOM Fusion Programme. Main tasks on education and training, control and data acquisition, diagnostics and tokamak physics are summarized. Work carried out on ISTTOK in collaboration with foreign teams is also reported.

This report refers to a female Pinscher treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Botucatu School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry (FMVZ)-São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 14 hours after a suspected spider envenoming. The animal showed spastic limbs, dyspnea, salivation, hypothermia, muscular fasciculation, non-responsive mydriasis, and claudication of the right hindlimb. The spider was later identified by the Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals-CEVAP/UNESP, Botucatu as Phoneutria nigriventer. The treatment with potent analgesic was efficient.

Avaliou-se a influência do N e K na concentração e acúmulo de nutrientes no pimentão, cultivar Mayata, irrigado por gotejamento. O experimento foi instalado em cultivo protegido telado, em Latossolo Vermelho mesoférrico, entre o período de novembro de 1996 a agosto de 1997, durante 34 semanas. Os tratamentos constaram de três doses de N (13,3; 26,6 e 39,9 g m-2), como uréia, e três doses de K (5,5; 11,0 e 16,6 g m-2), como KCl, distribuídas em esquema fatorial, utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados. Todas as plantas foram irrigadas por gotejamento tendo sido a uréia e o cloreto de potássio aplicados logo abaixo dos gotejadores. As doses de N não afetaram a concentração dos nutrientes em folhas recém-maduras, no início do florescimento e início da frutificação, enquanto o K diminuiu a concentração de P e S, no início da frutificação, exceto na dose de 5,5 g m-2 de K. O N aumentou o acúmulo de nutrientes na parte aérea, ao final do ciclo de cultivo, quando aplicado na dose de 26,6 g m-2, porém não influenciou a produção de frutos. O K contribuiu para a absorção de nutrientes e produção de frutos, somente quando presente em baixas concentrações no solo. Doses de K de 16,6 g m-2, relacionaram-se com a alta condutividade elétrica (1.400 µS cm-1), até a camada de 40 cm, e com a alta concentração de cloreto na parte aérea e frutos de pimentão.

Nitrogen and potassium applications affected the nutrient concentration and accumulation of sweet pepper, cultivar Mayata, grown in a protected environment. An experiment was conducted in a protected environment in Eutrostox, during 34 weeks from November, 1996 to August, 1997, with the following treatments: control and combination of three rates of N (13.3; 26.6 and 39.9 g m-2) and three rates of K (5.5; 11.0 and 16.6 g m-2). All plants were watered by trickle irrigation and the urea and KCl were applied below each trickler. The results led to the following conclusions: N did not affect the concentration of nutrients in recently-ripened leaves, in the beginning of flowering and fruiting, although K, in high rates, decreased the concentration of P and S, in the beginning of fruiting; N increased the absorption of nutrients on the top part at the end of the cultivation period at the rate of 26.6 g m-2, but did not influence fruit production. Potassium contributed to absorption of nutrient and fruit production, only when concentrations in the soil were low. Patassium, in high rates (16.6 g m-2 ), related with high electric conductivity (1.400 µS cm-1), in a layer of 40 cm and high Cl concentration in the shoot and fruits.